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December 20, 2011

Where the Dinosaurs Are

An Allosaurus threatens a Stegosaurus at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Photo by the author.

Wherever you go in the United States, you’re probably no more than a few hours away from a dinosaur skeleton. The “ruling reptiles” are virtually everywhere. From field sites to museum displays, the country is dotted with dinosaurs, and to coincide with Smithsonian magazine’s new Evotourism feature I have compiled a short “Dinotourism” subset of destinations for the Mesozoic-minded.

The Dinosaur Diamond: Utah and Colorado form the heart of dinosaur country. A scenic byway system called the Dinosaur Diamond links some of the top spots along the border of the two states. Among the highlights are the Allosaurus-rich bonebed at the Cleveland-Lloyd dinosaur quarry in the west; Dinosaur National Monument and the dinosaur-infested towns of Vernal and Dinosaur, Colorado to the north; Fruita, Colorado’s Dinosaur Journey Museum to the southeast; and dinosaur track sites around Moab, Utah to the south. Some of the points along the byway are also within a few hours of other dinosaur attractions around Salt Lake City and Denver, making the Dinosaur Diamond an especially handy system for anyone in want of a Jurassic road trip.

Dinosaur Park: Dinosaurs are not only found out West. Maryland recently set aside a small patch of exposed Cretaceous time in the form of Dinosaur Park in the town of Laurel. If you plan your trip right, you may even get to poke around the remaining fossil-bearing layers on open-house days. Don’t expect to find any complete dinosaurs, though—you need a sharp eye to detect the small, isolated bones and teeth that come out of this site.

American Museum of Natural History: No list of top dinosaur sites would be complete without the American Museum of Natural History. The Allosaurus vs. Barosaurus battle in the Theodore Roosevelt Rotunda and the fourth floor dinosaur halls are magnificent galleries of dinosaurian celebrities, made all the more rich by the imprint of history. Even though the dinosaur halls received an overhaul in the 1990s—including some chiropractic work of Tyrannosaurus and the correct head for Apatosaurus—many of the old specimens could not be moved or altered, and so they remain in the same positions as they were mounted in when famous paleontologists such as Barnum Brown and Henry Fairfield Osborn stomped around the place. The AMNH is also remarkable for placing their dinosaurs in an evolutionary context. If you follow the pathways through the exhibits carefully, you can see the big picture of dinosaur evolution.

Petrified Forest National Park: Although this park in eastern Arizona does not boast many dinosaurs, that is exactly what makes it significant. Petrified Forest National Park preserves a spectacular landscape of the Late Triassic time before dinosaurs became the dominant vertebrates on land. The slender, graceful theropod dinosaur Coelophysis has been found here, but most of the animals this creature lived alongside belonged to groups such as the crocodile-like phytosaurs, the “armadillodiles” called aetosaurs, and powerful, deep-skulled predators called “rauisuchians,” among others you can see at the park’s visitor centers. If you want to see the vestiges of the early days of the dinosaurs, this national park is one of the most beautiful places to go.

Museum of the Rockies: There are plenty of dinosaur exhibits in American museums large and small, but the Museum of the Rockies in Bozeman, Montana sets itself apart by putting research and significant specimens up front. The skull of a juvenile Daspletosaurus, the “Wankel rex,” parts of “Big Al” and a complete growth series of Triceratops skulls are just a few of the remarkable displays in the museum’s dinosaur hall. Even better for hardcore dinosaur fans, the museum updates the plaques attached to the exhibits to highlight recently published research and even provides citations for those who want to track down the relevant papers when they get back home.

Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History: Yale University’s Peabody Museum of Natural History may initially seem to be a strange addition to this list. Their dinosaur hall is painfully drab and out of date (although a renovation is scheduled in the years to come). But what makes this place an essential stop for any dinosaur aficionado is Rudolph Zallinger’s Age of Reptiles mural. This fresco secco is a masterpiece of modern art and represents dinosaurs as paleontologists understood them during the mid-2oth century. (The often-reproduced smaller version on books and posters came from a draft Zallinger created for himself as a guide—the actual mural is different than the scaled-down reproductions you have seen before.) Even better, the dinosaur hall juxtaposes this outdated imagery with that which replaced it. At the back of the hall is a leaping Deinonychus—the sickle-clawed theropod described by Yale paleontologist John Ostrom in 1969 that helped spark the “Dinosaur Renaissance.” If you kneel down just right, you can see the predator against a background of Zallinger’s plodding dinosaurs.

St. George Dinosaur Discovery Site at Johnson Farm: Dinosaur bones are great, but tracks hold their own charms. After all, footprints represent the actual behavior of once-living animals, and the St. George dinosaur Discovery Site at Johnson Farm in southern Utah has an abundance of fossil tracks. Modeled after the working-museum model of Dinosaur National Monument, this site is a museum built over an early Jurassic track site covered by dinosaur footprints. Particular track specimens line a pathway around the museum, but visitors can also see the intact surface on which many footprints are still preserved.

Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County: What’s better than one Tyrannosaurus? A Tyrannosaurus trio. That’s the view taken by the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County‘s new dinosaur exhibit, which presents a growth series of three Tyrannosaurus rex as its centerpiece. But that’s not all. The new exhibit mixes updated skeletal mounts of Carnotaurus, Triceratops and other dinosaurs with beautiful artwork and interactive displays. The top floor of the exhibit, in particular, features multiple displays on paleobiology and how paleontologists extract information about dinosaur lives from fossil bone. An additional perk—the museum has detailed dinosaur puppets that regularly put on shows and sometimes wander the museum halls. The adorable, fuzzy Tyrannosaurus juvenile alone is worth a visit.

Fernbank Museum of Natural History: During the past two decades, South America has yielded some of the most impressive dinosaur giants. The casts of two such creature form the centerpiece of Georgia’s Fernbank Museum of Natural History. Although reconstructions of the enormous theropod Giganotosaurus can be seen at other museums, the Fernbank is special in presenting the carnivore alongside a cast of the absolutely immense sauropod Argentinosaurus—perhaps the largest dinosaur of all time. If you want to have that feeling of being dwarfed by Mesozoic giants, this display is what you might be looking for.

Field Museum of Natural History: If Chicago’s Field Museum of Natural History has one claim to dinosaurian fame, it is “Sue,” a nearly complete Tyrannosaurus rex. There’s no better place to get a feel for what the great Cretaceous tyrant was actually like. But don’t let Sue’s star power outshine the museum’s other dinosaurs. In addition to the big Brachiosaurus out front, the Field also places dinosaurs in the context of evolution in their Evolving Planet exhibition. Paleo-art fans will also find much to enjoy—the Field is home to some classic renderings of prehistoric life by the highly-skilled paleo-artist Charles R. Knight.

Dinosaur Provincial Park: This isn’t an American dinosaur site, but is important enough and close enough to squeeze its way into the list. Located in Alberta, Canada, the strata of Dinosaur Provincial Park has supplied many of the world’s major museums, including the AMNH, with spectacular dinosaur fossils and continues to yield more information about dinosaur biology, ecology and evolution near the end of their reign. This park is also within a few hours’ drive of the Royal Tyrrell Museum and the dinosaur-populated town of Drumheller, Alberta.

This is just a short list of a few highlights—there are plenty of other field sites and museums out there, including Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History (a.k.a. The Evolution Museum). Do you have additional recommendations? Let us know in the comments.



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21 Comments »

  1. fer says:

    Utah must be one of the most exciting places for a paleontolgist like Plaza Huincul (Argentina) and Jehol (China)

  2. DK Fennell says:

    If you are going to visit Yale-Peabody, you might as well take a short trip in the direction of Hartford to see Connecticut’s Dinosaur State Park (in Rocky Hill) where there are hundreds of Early Jurassic theropod tracks (Dilophosaurus?). You will even be permitted to make plaster of Paris casts of several of them. And they help you do it (but you have to bring your own plaster of Paris).

  3. Heinrich Mallison says:

    Carnegie? Where’s the Carnegie in your list?????? *cry*

  4. Laura Helmuth says:

    Excellent ideas! Thanks for posting them here. Consider submitting evotourism destinations to the main package as well:
    http://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/evotourism/Where-would-you-go-to-experience-EVOTOURISM.html

  5. Zhen says:

    No Carnegie? You should check out archosaur musings for lots of great pictures of the Carnegie. Their fossils have some spectacular poses that bring them to life.

  6. Doug says:

    Raymond Alf Museum- while the whole museum can fit in some of those other museum’s fossil halls, they are the only museum on a high school campus. They do their best with what they got and i think that is worth stoping by.

    San Diego- Again, their dinoasur dsiuplay is small, but worth it. They have big half model/ half skeleton displays of Lambeosaurus and Albertosaurus, plus California’s only endemic dinosaur: Aletopelta coombsi.

    Houston- Never been, but i’m sure their new paleontology hall will be spectacular.

    Royal Tyrrell Museum- Leaving out Carnegie may be a forgivable mistake, but leaving out the Tyrrell is simply unacceptable!

  7. Mark Ryan says:

    You don’t mention any of the museums or sites along the Front Range of the Rockies. The Denver Museum of Nature and Science has plenty of dinosaur material including baby Stegosaurs, a Diplodocus, and the dancing T-rex in the front lobby. Then there’s the Morrison Natural History Museum in the little town in the western foothills where the type location for one of the most famous dinosaur-era formations in the US is located. It’s a great dino-centric museum with plenty to see, particularly about the history of the nearby Morrison Formation discoveries. Just up the road is Dinosaur Ridge where you can see dinosaur bones in situ at one of geologist Arthur Lake’s original Jurassic dinosaur quarries, and just around the bend is a wonderfully tilted slab of dinosaur tracks from the Cretaceous.

    Up north in Laramie is another favorite of mine: the Geological Museum at the University of Wyoming. The collection includes an Apatosaurus and a cast of “Big Al” the allosaurus. Further north is Como Bluff, one of the most productive dinosaur graveyards in the early history of paleontology. At the north end of Como along Highway 30, you can visit the Fossil Cabin Museum whose walls are made up of thousands of locally found dinosaur bone fragments. And let’s not forget the fabulous Wyoming Dinosaur Center in Thermopolis where I saw some great dinosaurs on display (including a huge Supersaurus) and an actual specimen of an archeaopteryx (the Thermopolis Specimen).

    Down at the lower end of the Rockies is the New Mexico Museum of Natural History, home of many dinosaur displays including the state dinosaur, Coelophysis, from nearby Ghost Ranch (worth the trip just for the spectacular geology, but also for the small museum there).

    Lastly, I have to plug the Science Museum of Minnesota, located far from the mountains but in my home state (and where I am an employee). Plenty of dinosaurs to see there including the usual Jurassic genera (Stegosaurus, Diplodocus, Allosaurus, and Camptosaurus), along with one of the largest Triceratops ever discovered.

  8. Delighted that you led off with the Dinosaur Diamond National Scenic Byway and the Cleveland-Lloyd Dinosaur Quarry! Hopefully that will result in increased visitation numbers for us. Which in these times of budgetary uncertainty is absolutely crucial if we want to keep these places open for the public to come visit. Thank you very much for the plug and Merry Christmas!

  9. JP says:

    The Black Hills Institute of Geological Research in Hill City, SD may not be as flashy as some of the larger national museums, but it is one of the few good places to see dinosaurs in the vast span between Bozeman and Chicago. Their showroom houses an impressive collection of a wide variety of dinosaurs including some very important discoveries. Where else can you see multiple t-rexes and an acrocanthosaurus sized up, side by side?

  10. Leigh says:

    I second the Carnegie recommendation. They’ve redone their dinosaur exhibit in recent years, and it’s fantastic. Probably my favorite (not least because it’s usually not nearly as crowded as the AMNH). You can go upstairs and look down on the exhibits (and see almost eye to eye with the quetzalcoatlus suspended above the fighting Tyrannosaurs).

    I have been to Houston. It was kind of dark. They had more full models (as opposed to just bones) than the average museum.

    Both Houston and the Carnegie have nice exhibits of feathered dinosaurs now.

  11. Walter says:

    I lived in Bozeman for five years and consider the Museum of the Rockies one of the highlights. It is a surprisingly robust museum for such a small one, no doubt helped by Jack Horner’s celebrity status. Sadly, I moved away before the new dinosaur hall was finished.

    Montana also has a statewide “dinosaur trail” for tourists who want to visit some of the locations where dinosaurs were actually found. Be warned: it’s a huge state, so it is a long drive if you plan to go that route. (And do it in mid-summer. It will be hot, but you don’t want to travel the hi-line in the winter.)

  12. I second the BHI museum!!

    Also, if you’re going to stop in Chicago for ‘Sue’ (and pizza- but certainly NOT the Cubs), ya might as well head out only 90 miles west to Rockford and stop in at Burpee to see ‘Jane’.

    Finally, we also have a list on our Links page at The Center which includes museums:
    http://center4cretstudies.tripod.com/id24.html

  13. Nagi says:

    As an Atlantan, I feel the need to warn everyone that beyond the Argentinosaurus/Giganotosaurus mount and the Lophorhothon statues out at the front of the museum, Fernbank’s a complete bust for palaeo-philes. The only other real presence of prehistoric life is in the “Walk Through Time in Georgia” exhibit, which boasts an upright T.rex statue, tail-dragging Stegosaurus skeleton, and thecodonts as real, factual animals.

  14. Reed says:

    Been all over Colorado and Utah 15 years ago. Wonderful. But you’ll never forgive yourself if you don’t get to Carnegie in Pittsburgh.

  15. ReBecca says:

    Sam Noble Museum on the University of Oklahoma campus has great exhibits as well.

    I also must second the Alf Museum.

  16. Hey, did anyone catch Mike Rowe of Dirty Jobs this month on Discovery Channel digging dinosaur fossils with Utah Palentologist Jim Kirkland?

  17. Harvey says:

    Also, on the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh. Having visited this museum on trips to Pittsburgh, it has some of the best dinosaur exhibits in this country. It has the world’s largest Juraissic collection and the third largest collection of real mounted dinosaurs including two Diplodocus, Tytannosaurus Rex, Oviraptorosaur, and many others in a great new renovated area with multilevel views of the exhibits.

  18. Hello, Would love to see our museum – Dinosaur State Park – included in your listing. We are conveniently located 1 mile off a major highway -I-91 – just south of Hartford. There are over 2,000 early Jurassic dinosaur foot prints – Eubrontes – on site which are preserved in gray sandstone. Over 600 are on display inside the geodesic dome that also houses our auditorium, bookshop and discovery room. The park sits on 60 acres and outdoors we have a picnic area, track casting and mining areas (these are seasonal), 2 1/2 miles of hiking trails and an arboretum which is a collection of plant species that were prevalent during the Mesozoic Era.

  19. Don’t forget the smaller museums like the Bollinger County Museum of Natural History, located in Marble Hill, MO, just a short drive from St. Louis. The Bollinger County Museum is the “Home of the Missouri Dinosaur” and houses dinosaur bones from the only dinosaur digsite in Missouri. Our museum makes a great day trip and has other dinosaur displays, in addition to the Missouri Dinosaur, to thrill the child in all of us.

  20. You are evidently not aware of one of the greatest displays of true dinosaur fossils in the world. It is located at the Museum of World Treasures in Wichita, Kansas. On a cliff are 5 fossils, not casts, of huge dinosaurs. They include a T-Rex comparable to Stan in original fossil percentage (about 65%), and the only one in the world that is more complete in Sue in Chicago, (about 80 %).
    Standing beside the T-Rex, Ivan the Terrible, is a Daspletosaurus, the closest relative to the T-Rex, and ours is the most complete specimen of 11 found to date.
    Also on the cliff is a dying Edmontosaurus which has just been killed by the 2 carnivores.
    There is an omnivore, called a Thescelosaurus which is wanting to eat some scraps of the Edmontosaurus, and also a Triceratops. Please add us to your list of great dinosaur museums. We have many other fossils also including 3 Kansas monsters, A Mosasaur, a 34 foot long Tylosaurus, and a Xyphactinus, The Museum of World Treasures has over a thousand other relics including 2 Royal Egyptian mummies, wonderful pottery from ancient Greece, Villanova, ancient Egypt, and even the Mayan civilization.
    A fine display of the Etruscan, Roman, and Mesopotamian civilizations are included.
    There are over 1000 autographed letters and documents from many famous Kings and Queens like Henry VIII, Elizabeth I and II, Ferdinand and Isabella, Peter the Great, Francois I, etc, Holy Roman Emperors Charles The Great, Maximillian III HRE, and autographed letters of all 42 Presidents, many authors, war heros and villains, famous scientists such as Sir Isaac Newton, and the first treaty of the U.S. signed by Benjamin Franklin. We have a fine display of the American Revolutionary War, the Civil War, WW I and II, Vietnam, and Korean wars. Please add whatever you wish to include in your web site, especially the Dinosaur collection.

  21. One of the finest dinosaur collections in the world, including the 3rd most complete T-Rex ever found.

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