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Paleofuture

A history of the future that never was

Past Imperfect

History with all the interesting bits left in


January 28, 2013

Future Calling: Videophones in the World of The Jetsons

This is the 16th in a 24-part series looking at every episode of “The Jetsons” TV show from the original 1962-63 season.

The Jetsons episode “The Little Man” originally aired on ABC on Sunday January 13, 1963. The story revolves around the accidental shrinking of George to no more than a foot high by Mr. Spacely’s new MiniVac machine. Miniaturizing humans was a somewhat popular theme of b-movies that preceded The Jetsons, like Dr. Cyclops (1940) and Attack of the Puppet People (1958). The episode is one of the weakest of the series, but it does have one of the more interesting versions of the ubiquitous videophone:

A miniaturized George Jetson talks to his boss Mr. Spacely on a videophone (1963)

In the world of the Jetsons the videophone takes many forms. But unlike its most common household use today — as a mere application within a computer or phone — the Jetsonian videophone is its own piece of dedicated hardware.

The videophone (my preferred term for a technology that has gone by many names during the 20th and 21st centuries) is a strange and beautiful technology. It was a perennial technology of the future; continually popping up in different waves as being just around the corner throughout the 20th century. From the earliest experiments with practical television in the 1920s people were promised that picturephone technology was on its way. Television wasn’t immediately envisioned as a broadcast medium, but rather was imagined as point-to-point two-way talkers like those in the classic 1927 film Metropolis. The videophone was hyped at both the 1939 and 1964 New York World’s Fair and as recently as the early 2000s communications companies were still making concept videos for landline videophone machines that today look laughably anachronistic.

But then out of nowhere the videophone was suddenly just here. Without much warning videophone was a reality. Just not in a form that companies like AT&T were promising us for nearly a century. Rather than acting as its own independent appliance in the home, we have videophone capabilities embedded within our devices — our computers and phones now often have little cameras seamlessly hidden inside. And the technology is almost a secondary consideration within the applications we use for video: we have Skype, Gchat Video among a host of other less well known apps.

In the world of “The Jetsons” the videophone is largely depicted as it was in the 1950s — as its own appliance. The videophone is a solid piece of hardware not unlike a TV of the 1950s or even radio of the the 1930s, but there’s very little consistency when it comes to what the Jetsonian videophone looks like. Below I’ve pulled just a few examples from the myriad videophones of the Jetsons universe.

Jane Jetson talking to her mother over videophone in the first episode of The Jetsons (1962)

Mr. Spacely has a standard desk model videophone that we see pop up again and again in business settings.

Desktop videophone from the first episode of The Jetsons (1962)

In the 1993 AT&T concept video “Connections” a young woman exits a plane and her parents meet her in the terminal (how retro is that!). Rather than whip out her cellphone the moment she touches down as we’re so apt to do here in the future, she proceeds to tell her parents that before making their way to baggage claim, they need to stop at the payphones — the video payphones.

Video payphone in the airport of the future (AT&T concept video “Connections,” 1993)

This vision of the hardwired public videophone is not unlike the Visaphone that we see used in the first episode of The Jetsons:

The “Visaphone” videophone in the first episode of The Jetsons (1962)

The Jetsonian videophone often has buttons that are never explained, but sometimes (like in the screenshot below) we see characters use buttons to do something as wild as pick up their children with a gigantic robot arm.

George Jetson communicates with his son Elroy via videophone (1962)

Of course, the biggest concern about the videophone was the idea that people could see what you looked like in your own home. We have a certain feeling of security in our homes; a feeling that people aren’t able to catch us with our pants down — both figuratively and literally. In the second episode of The Jetsons we see that Jane is obviously quite stressed by an early morning videophone call she gets from a friend before she has put on her face — again, literally. Jane pops on a mask that’s made to look exactly like her own face and by the end of the sequence we learn that her friend has done the same.

Jan Jetson talking to a friend on the videophone (1962)

Woman talking on a videophone in the 1955 short film The Future is Now

The 1955 short film The Future is Now addressed this problem, though they weren’t so much worried with putting on an entire face mask in order to answer the videophone:

What do you wear to answer the phone? What difference does it make? None, today! But tomorrow, if videophone comes, as well it might, then the world has found itself another problem.

Police officer from the future tunes in a judge for insta-traffic court (1962)

When George gets pulled over for speeding the videophone is used to call in to the judge. Interestingly, some officials in the city of Inglewood, California tried out a more low-tech version of this instant roadside justice in 1926. From the book The Great Car Craze by Ashleigh Brilliant:

In a system which the [Los AngelesTimes dubbed “court-a-la-carte,” the judge and bailiff together with table, chair, and lawbooks, were installed in the back of a light truck which “parked unostentatiously near the motorcycle officers’ beat” and waited for the telltale sound of the siren, signifying that an arrest was about to be made. The truck then rushed to the site of the arrest and confronted the presumably dumfounded driver with the full majesty of the law. The only disadvantage of the system from the judge’s point of view was that the “business” was not always as brisk as it might have been.

George Jetson up to some shenanigans in the fifth episode of The Jetsons (1962)

The video-recording device on most videophones is often hidden in The Jetsons, but sometimes we get to see hints of what might be cameras, like in the home model below:

Jane and Elroy talking to George over a videophone console in the sixth episode of The Jetsons (1962)

It’s not just humans of the future who enjoy the use of videophones. In episode eight of the series, “Rosey’s Boyfriend,” two robot lovers get to spend time together despite their distance from each other.

Rosey the robot and her boyfriend enjoy a videophone romance (1962)

The Googie-tastic design of the various videophones in the Jetsons’ world strangely makes me long for the videophone as an independent piece of hardware. But much like other services that seem to be quickly melding into our phones, tablets and phablets, I think these dedicated videophone devices will remain relegated to the retrofuture.



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Posted By: Jetsons | Link | Comments (8)

8 Comments »

  1. Chris Sobieniak says:

    At least I got to see one of AT&T’s efforts once at a phone shop 20 years ago I sorta wished was working at the time so I could try it out!
    http://www.vintagecomputing.com/wp-content/images/retroscan/att_videophone_2500_large.jpg

    Some years later when I was in college, it impressed me to pick up the phone of a bank ATM in the university’s student union building and talk to a bank teller all the way down in Columbus, OH, that was something, of course nowadays it seems really pointless!

  2. DBenson says:

    Back in the day Mad Magazine did an article about fake backdrops for videophones: A hotel manager pulls down a glamourous resort scene to hide the fleabag lobby behind him; a guy at a ballpark pulls down a backdrop of a sickroom to convince the boss he’s home sick; a playboy has a crowded party scene to assure a girl it’s safe to come over; etc. Eventually Pee Wee Herman did something similar with his Playhouse videophone, always deploying some exotic backdrop just for the heck of it.

    On the Supermarionation show “Thunderbirds” videophones had an option of “Audio Only Selected” (type would appear on the screen). This meant the caller was a villain hiding his identity (“Dis is harmless repair person. Please to lower security gate.”); I sort of wished they’d at least throw in a line that audio only was cheaper.

  3. susan says:

    ralph at the telephot–cover illustration for ralph 124c41+
    by hugo gernsback, modern electrics mag 1911.

    the telephot also had computer translation for international
    calls.

  4. Raymond says:

    Chris, Regarding the AT&T videophone, there is a youtube video that has a brief look at it (among other tech gadgets of the time). To be honest the screen looks small and has a low framerate. I think this is a case of the concept being cooler than the implementation.

    “Coming soon: Portable Computers! (1994 Commercial)” : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aEkCI7Og9bk

  5. I love the notion of the “retrofuture.”

    As the smartphone merged with the PDA, we realized that we could layer different technologies within one device. Much in the fashion that your refrigerator has an ice maker, we are learning to consolidate devices. This can be considered creative destruction, because as the more we consolidate our technology, the more we exhaust our need for the devices of yesteryear.

    I think what we will see over time is that all devices capable of wireless communication and digital display will offer the ability to “video teleconference.” From our smart watches, to our phones (already there), to our computers (already there), to our televisions (getting there) to even the LCD panel on our alarm system or refrigerator, more and more devices will be allowing us to communicate face-to-face.

    How exciting! The only problem comes when there are TOO many cameras…

  6. Lily Alice says:

    I’ve just spent the past hour reading these entries. I think this is my favorite blog series ever. I’m looking forward to seeing what else you’ve written about.

  7. Edd Mark Starr says:

    Ahhh, the never ending battle of Spacely versus Cogswell. Funny how the dynamics between these two didn’t make much of an impact on me as a kid. But it sure is fun to watch now.

    Love the emphasis on the mechanical and not electronics. The Jetsons are that odd mix of the digital future but it’s all analog. Hope everyone enjoys the laugh track on this episode. I think it adds a nice retro-feel to the viewing experience.

    I agree with Lily Alice, this is a wonderful blog series and I’m having a great time reading the comments. Keep up the good work everyone!

  8. Sean says:

    Most of the time, I’d just as soon the other person not be able to see me. My hair’s mussed up, I’m not dressed, I haven’t shaved, etc. Or if I’m dressed, groomed, out and about, most of the time I just need to know “HOW many minutes late are you going to be? OK, so should I return that library book first, or just wait for you? I could order you appetizer.” You don’t need video for that, and what am I supposed to do, hold the phone at arm’s length?

    But every now and then, video would be useful. I’m glad that it’s becoming more and more available, though I expect it’ll be used less than _The Jetsons_ and other predictions would have us believe.

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